Turbine wheel



Au@ i2 wm.,

L. H. SEIDEL TURBINE WHEEL Filed April 5, 1922 5 Sheets-Sheet l Aug. 12 1924'. 1,564,520

y L. H. SEIDEL TURBINE l WHEEL Filed April 5,' 1922 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 L. H. SEIDEL TURBINE WHEEL 3 Sheets-Sheet '5 Filed ADIil 5, 1922 Patented Aug. 12, 1924.

PATENT OFFICE.

LOUIS H. SEIDEL, OF LAKEWOOD, OHIO.

TURBINE WHEEL.

Application aied'A'p'rii e,

To all (whom it may concern.' Y e Be it known that I, Louis H; Seremi', a citizen .of the United States, and resident of Lakewood, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented-certain new and useful Improvements in YTurbine Wheels, of which I hereby declare the'fol'- lowing to be' a full, clear, and exact description, such" as will' enableV others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

The objects "of the invention are toprovide an improved turbine of the impulse or yimpact type, for air or other fluids' under pressure in which provision isl made for the release of the propelling Huid, after it has exhausted its' force upon the buckets thus greatly increasing the speed of revolution of the turbine' wheel or rotor and thereby increasing thev actual amount 'of power vobtained from vitsmovement.

This construction also enables the turbine wheel to acquire full speed immediately from a 'full' stop, thus making `its efficiency much greater. It is also supplied with Abrake means" byme'alns of which it vcanfbe instantly stopped. e Y

The device is also formed from plates or laminations of' sheet metal, applied' together back to back, andgeach plate having bucket portions formed therein, so that when a number` of such plates are assembled together, complete buckets will be formed between their engaging faces.

The invention includes an annular airduct formed in the adjacent faces of the bucket bearing plates and communicating with the inner ends of the buckets that are upon the same plane, thus aording a circulating means for the air after impinging upon the buckets, and permitting it to escape as 4soon as each bucket passes the pressure point.` e

The invention includes a multiple number of pairs of sheet metal discs', or sheet metal stampings each containing spaced and inclined depressions upon its face upon lthe outer edge forming halves of buckets therein, and containing an annular depres- Vsion, communicating therewith, the inclinatio-n of the depression in the discs in each pair being reversed "in stamping so that when similar sides of the discs are applied together, lcomplete buckets will be formed between them, and a'completeannular passage will also ybe formed between the applied'faces 1922. seriai Nb. 549,114.'

of the disc which communicatesjwith the in# ner ends of the buckets and also forms a means of Acommui'iication' between all the buckets in that plane. It indicates a turbine wheel composed of a plural number of pairs of such discs, applied togetherback to back and enclosing dead end buckets between them, which are positioned at'the center of the wheel circumference and do; netcommunicate with the annular passagel aforesaid, but increase the amount of available active surface upon which the air jet impinges, and assist in utilizing -the material without waste.

The invention includes .an annular air passage or groove intheinner face ofthe casing adjacent to thev turbine wheel, and a ring or wall tightly secured` over said passage and provided with spaced and inclined jet openings arranged at different levels and adapted to discharge upon the buckets in the pair of discs-which communicate with the annular passage therein, for the re. leased air, andv also to discharge upon the buckets intermediate of such pairs of discs,

which lie in the center of the vcircumference ofthe Wheel.

The invention also Vincludes the employment of outlet passage 'for air leading throughV the bottom wall of the casing o-f the wheel adjacent tothe buckets, through which the air entering the casing from the buckets that are not under pressure from jet nozzles escapes.

The invention is hereinafter more fully described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and specifically pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings Fig. l is a vertical section of a portable air driven tool invwhich the turbine is incorporated. Fig. 2 is a. plan o-f t-he brake mechanism therefor; Fig. 3 is a plan of the tool with the cover of the turbine chamber removed; Fig. 4 is a bottom plan of the turbine wheel and shaft; Fig. 5 is a side elevation thereof; Fig. 6 is a. vertical central section thereof, showing the intermediate closed buckets and annular air passages; Figui" is a section on line ca -a; Fig. 4; showing 'the buckets on each side of the center that communicate with the annular passages; Fig. S is a plan of one of the discs of the turbine wheel showing the inner face thereof and the portions of the bucketstherein that communicate with the annular passage.

l 25 The construction Yof with the spacedjrdischarge Vnozzle openings 8,8 inclined tangentially to the periphery of V the turbine ":vvheel 3 adjacent thereto. A nut ,9,is attached tothe upper extremity Vof the drivingV shaft, which is engaged by the l5 braking arms, 10, 1() pivoted at their ends at v.'11, l1 Vupon the cover'12 of the Vturbine cham- ,Y ber and "removable therewith. A cam 13 intermediate of these arms is Aoperatedlby a. shaftt14 andleverl'iipon thev outer face of thev cover to release the arms from contact with the nut, land a spring 16 engages them therewith. By this means the turbine wheel can be .instantly Vreleased and instantly stopped whengdesired. 'A I 7 .p l the turbine wheel is clearly shown in Figs. 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8.'V

Here in Fig.r7, l17, 17, and 18, 18, are discshaped sheet met-al stampings arrangedV back to back in pairs, and reversely stamped and recessedftoprovide bucketopenngs, 19, be-

VVVtweenthem. Y j. A

Thesheet metal, when stamped Vin this manner .rprovidesfonehalf ofthe bucket @opening ,in each ofthe adjacent faces-of the '7" if 35 discs. 'All these bucketopenings communi- ,catefwith the common annular groove, `2O, ,oneshalff of which fis formed in each disc, Y iandwhen the discs are closely approximatv.ed1.the,' gro'ovesprovide a common air pas-- v40 sage,tli'rough which the air is able Vto flow whenreleased from the buckets; Two pairs of these discs are shown, secured together back'to back, in Fig.,7. Y

. `:Alternating with these bucket openings and o-n the other side of each disc, are

formed the halves of bucket recesses or openings, 21, and when two discs having theserecesses, 21, are placed in contact with j each other, t-he intermediate bucket openings Yare formed, as shown in Fig. 6, which do not communicate with the annular passages,

Y, The wheel built up in this manner from metal stampings is secured upon the sleeve,

22.v Avthin central washer, 23, isplaced between Vthe pairs -of discs, and clamping washers, 24, are riveted or screwed upon each side of the plates, thus compressing them. upon the washer, 23, and causing the discs to flare outwardly at their outer ends, l

.thusmaking the contact perfect and ain j tight, and the centrifugal force developed .when the wheel is running full speed tends to make the` discs hug each other more closely.k

The jet openings or nozzles 8 in the ring wall 7 are vertically spaced so as to alternately discharge upon the upper and lower buckets 19 in the turbine wheel and to also continuously discharge upon the central or intermediate buckets 21 thus giving the greatest possible efficiency to the wheel. The air after passing through the outside buckets 19 and annular passages 20 is released by passing through the communieating buckets, that are not actually under the pressure of the entering air, into the turbine chamber and out through the perform tion 25 in the bottom wall of the chamber adjacent to the sides of the buckets.

The immediate release of the air' from the side buckets prevents choking action of the air in the'turbine casing, and also the inclination of the buckets permits reaction where the air issues therefrom that adds to the speed and eliciency of the wheel.

Having described the invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a laminated turbine wheel, a metal stamping, comprising a disc having spaced and inclined alternate projections and recesses in its sides adjacent to its outer edge, and an annular groove in one side commu- `-nicating with the recesses in that side.

2, In a laminated turbine wheel, a multiple number of discs, each comprising a metal stamping, each disc having alternate inclined recesses and projections in its sides adjacent to its outer edge and with an annular groove in one sidev communicating `with the recesses on that side, said dises secured together back to back, and providing, when assembled, parallel rows of Yperipheralstaggered bucket openings communicating with said grooves, and said grooves forming internal air circulating passages in Ysaid wheel.

3.In a laminated turbine Wheel,' a multiple number of discs, each comprising a metal stamping, each disc having alternate inclined recesses and projections 1n its sides adjacent `to itsV outer edge and with an annular groove in one lside communicating with the recesses on that side, said discs secured together back to back, and providing, when assembled, parallel rows of peripheral staggered bucket openings communicating with said grooves, and said grooves forming internal air circulating passages in said Wwheel, and also providing an intermediate row of inclined bucket openings that do not communicate with said annular grooves or passages.

4. In a, laminated sheet ymetal turbine Wheel, a pair of metal discs secured together back to back, anda common sleeve or hub therefor each disc provided with spaced recesses adjacent to its outer edge, the recesses in the adjoining disc being opposed to each other and forming common bucket openings in the periphery of said Wheel.

5. A laminated sheet metal turbine Wheel comprising pairs of metal discs secured together back to back, each disc provided with spaced recesses adjacent to its outer edge, the recesses in the discs of each pair being opposed to each other, and forming common bucket openings.

6. The combination With spaced pairs of metal stamped discs, said discs having complementary bucket openings stamped in their marginal edges, of a Washer between said pairs of discs, a common shaft therefor, and clamping means for securing said discs and Washer together. p

7. The combination With tWo pairs of discs, placed back to back, said discs provided With alternate projections and recesses on their outer edges, forming complementary bucket openings therein, said complementary openings forming complete openings when said discs are brought face to face with each other, a common shaft forsaid discs, a thin Washer between said pairs of discs, and means for clamping said discs and Washers together, said clamping means serving to draw the central parts of said discs nearer together.`

In testimony Whereof, l hereunto set my hand this 22 day of Meh. 1922.

LOUIS H. SEIDEL.

ln presence of WM. M. MUNRoE, CHAs. F. SIPE. 

